Staking locks NAM with a validator, an operator that helps run the Namada network, and in return the stake earns newly issued NAM. Staked NAM cannot be sold or moved until it has been unstaked and the unstaking wait has passed.
The rate below is the one the network indexer reports: a yearly rate before the validator's commission. It changes with the share of all NAM that is staked, and it is not a promise.
Staked NAM earns new NAM at a yearly rate set by the network, minus the commission the chosen validator keeps. The rate falls as more of all NAM is staked and rises as less is, so the figure here is a reading at the time shown.
Unstaking takes a set number of epochs, the network's accounting periods: the pipeline length, the unbonding length and the penalty window, all set by the chain. An epoch lasts at least six hours and longer when blocks are slow, so the wait in days is an estimate: the figure here uses the epoch length measured on the chain. Guides often quote two weeks.
During the wait the NAM earns nothing and cannot be moved. When the wait ends it is unlocked: spendable, and free to be bridged or sold.
Unstaking asks the network to unlock staked NAM, which becomes spendable after the wait. Restaking stakes unlocked NAM again, with the same or a different validator. Redelegating moves a stake from one validator to another without unlocking it, so the NAM never becomes spendable and is not a sale.
The amount staked is the chain's own total stake, shown with its share of all NAM. Namada's staking account also holds NAM on its way out: unstaking, ready to withdraw, or rewards not yet claimed. Staked NAM can reach a market only after it has been unstaked, the wait has passed and, to be sold, it has crossed to Osmosis.
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